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One of the challenges with the sperm DNA fragmentation results is the inconsistency and the large variability in the results obtained by different techniques. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay quantifies the incorporation of fluoresceinated dUTP into single‐ and double‐strand DNA breaks by labeling the 3′‐OH terminal with TdT. The goal of this study was...
The standard FSH treatment is based on a 3 months period, after which both quantitative/qualitative improvement of sperm parameters and increased pregnancy rate were reported. In this prospective clinical trial, for the first time, we studied (i) Sperm hyaluronic acid binding capacity after highly purified FSH (hpFSH) treatment; (ii) the effect after short‐term and standard treatment on this functional...
The hypothesis that the assumption of a probiotic associated with a prebiotic (Flortec, Bracco; one sachet contains: Lactobacillus paracasei B21060 5 × 109 cells + arabinogalctan 1243 mg + oligo‐fructosaccharides 700 mg + l‐glutamine 500 mg) could improve the quality and quantity of spermatozoa in idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia (iAOT) patients to a larger extent than a control substance (starch)...
Recently, the cohort of men from the European Male Ageing Study has been stratified into different categories distinguishing primary, secondary and compensated hypogonadism. A similar classification has not yet been applied to the infertile population. We performed a cross‐sectional study enrolling 786 consecutive Caucasian‐European infertile men segregated into eugonadal [normal serum total testosterone...
To investigate the relationship between the fetal androgen exposure and lifelong premature ejaculation by using the ratio of the second (index)‐to‐fourth (ring) digits (2D : 4D) which is the marker for higher prenatal androgen exposure. Totally 65 patients with lifelong premature ejaculation and 65 control cases without any ejaculatory complaints were enrolled in the study. A detailed medical history...
Spermatogenesis and sperm maturation are complex processes mediated by a variety of proteins present in the testicular and epididymal mileu. In the recent years, functional characterization of these proteins is being studied by genetic manipulations that involve targeted over expression or knock down of specific genes. In this study, we adopted FuGENE 6‐based in vivo transfection of rat cauda epididymis...
There is increasing interest in periprostatic fat and its influence on prostate cancer aggressiveness. In vitro data suggest that adipose stromal/stem cells (ASCs) can increase production of cytokines and growth factors resulting in invasive growth and metastasis in prostate cancer. The objective of the study was to determine the interaction between 5α‐reductase inhibitors (5ARIs) and periprostatic...
Although several progestins have been tested for hormonal male contraception, the effects of dosage and nature of various progestins on gonadotropin suppression combined with and without additional testosterone has not been performed in a comparative trial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differential impact of four oral or transdermal progestins on the suppression of gonadotropins in healthy...
Testicular maturation arrest is characterized by interruption of germ cell development and differentiation. Genetic factors play important role in the causation of human disease, including male infertility. The objective was to study copy number variations in testicular maturation arrest using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray technique. Conventional cytogenetics, targeted fluorescence...
Testicular microlithiasis (TML) is an incidental finding at ultrasonography of the scrotum. A link between testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer has been suggested. However, the majority of studies are retrospective using ultrasonography with minor data on health status and life style characteristics. Our objective was to investigate if lifestyle and health are associated with TML. In 2014,...
Imprinting errors have been described in spermatozoa from infertile patients with oligozoospermia and azoospermia. However, little is known about methylation of imprinted genes in other spermatogenic cells from azoospermic patients. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the methylation status of single CpGs located in the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of two imprinted genes, one paternally (H19...
Myeloperoxidase is a major neutrophil protein which generates oxidants that are highly reactive, and if present in seminal fluid, could be potentially damaging to spermatozoa. We recruited young males aged 18–35 years, unscreened for fertility status, for a pilot study measuring seminal plasma myeloperoxidase. On three occasions, over a 3‐month period, we measured parameters of semen quality and correlated...
The aim of this study was to develop nomograms for predicting prostate cancer and its zonal location using prostate‐specific antigen density, prostate volume, and their zone‐adjusted derivatives. A total of 928 consecutive patients with prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) less than 20.0 ng/mL, who underwent transrectal ultrasound‐guided transperineal 12‐core prostate biopsy at West China Hospital between...
To overcome the limitations of conventional analysis of male fertility in animals and humans, proteomic studies have been performed to develop fertility‐related biomarkers for prognosis and diagnosis of male fertility. However, the studies were focused on specific species or breeds. Therefore, a study is required to validate whether fertility‐related markers would apply to other breeds in pigs. In...
The so‐called “endocrine disruption hypothesis” suggests that exposures to endocrine disruption (EDs) during fetal, neonatal and adult life may interfere with the development of reproductive organs and alter semen quality and reproductive hormone production. Even though animal studies provide substantial evidence of adverse effects of EDs on male reproductive system, epidemiological studies in humans...
The commonly utilized phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors do not lead to satisfactory penile erection after radical prostatectomy mainly because of insufficient nitric oxide drive from the damaged cavernous nerves. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and mechanisms of icariin in combination with daily sildenafil on neurogenic erectile dysfunction and penile atrophy in a rat model of bilateral...
A recent study has demonstrated that porcine spermatozoa recognize with high affinity carbohydrate structures containing Lewis X motifs. Sperm adhesion to Lewis X is proposed to mediate sperm binding to the oviduct epithelium to form a reservoir. The objective of this study was to identify Lewis X‐binding proteins from porcine spermatozoa as candidate receptors for oviduct glycans. To identify low‐abundance...
Androgen receptor (AR) is a transcription factor that is activated upon binding to testosterone (T) and is implicated in regulating the expression of reproduction‐related genes. The human AR gene (Xq11‐12) spans 186,588 bp and eight exons. N‐terminal transactivation domain of the encoded AR protein harbours two polymorphic stretches of identical amino acids, a polyglutamine tract (encoded by 8‐37...
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